Child Car Seat Laws by Country

**Children under the age of 12 years can only travel in the front passenger seat if  a suitable restraining device (with airbag deactivated for rear-facing restraint),is used. 

**Children must sit in the back of a taxi.

**A 2018 amendment (not covered in the review period ending at December 2017) raised the age for mandatory child restraint use to 10 years old

**Children between 7 and 12 years of age travelling in the front seat must be secured in a child protection device.

**Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 1754

**Under no conditions are children under the age of 4 permitted to sit in the front seat. Children aged 4 to 7 years old can  only sit in the front seat  if there is no space available in the back for them, i.e. the seats are already being occupied by other children under 7 years old.

**Children can travel in a taxi in all States and Territories except for New South Wales. In NSW children under one year must use a child car seat in a taxi. Limos, chaffuered vehicles and ride-sharing vehicles are private vehicles so children must always be in an approved child car seat.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Children must sit in the back seats when travelling in a taxi.

(Restraint systems for children are only needed for front-seated children under the age of 12.)

**Children under 12 years of age sitting on the front must be seated in a child restraint system.

**(a) if under the age of 4 years, is seated in a child safety seat that is positioned in a back seat of the motor vehicle and is secured by a seat belt; or (b) if 4 years of age or older, is wearing a seat belt which is securely fastened. (2) Where a child safety seat referred to in subsection (1) is a rear facing seat, it may be placed in the front passenger seat of the motor vehicle, if that motor vehicle is not equipped with an air bag on the front passenger side of the motor vehicle. 36G. A driver of a motor vehicle who contravenes section 36F is guilty of an offence and is liable on summary conviction to a fine of $500 or to imprisonment for a term of 3 months or to both.
https://www.transportboard.com/wp-content/uploads/Road-Traffic-Act-Cap295.pdf

**Either a child restraint system or "other ways" (than CRS) should be used for children aged 5-12 years to protect the child.

**If a rear-facing child restraint is used, the airbag must be deactivated.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**The airbag must be deactivated when a rear-facing child restraint is used.

**Children must sit in the back seats when travelling in a taxi.

**The road safety and transport regulation 1999 requires drivers and passengers to wear seat belts.

**Between the ages of 0 - 12 years children must be restrained using a child restraint or a booster seat.

**A child under the age of 12 must not be seated in the front seat. If the airbag is deactivated or there is not one installed  a child under 2 may  be seated in a rear facing child seat correctly fitted on the front passenger seat.  

**If the vehicle is a pick up truck the child can be seated in the front seat.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Provided that the airbag is deactivated a child may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system.

(The legislation refers to the use of either child restraint systems or seat-belts for children)

**Children under the age of 12/150 cm shall usually sit in the rear except where they are put in an acceptable child restraint system.

(Entered into law in January 2020)

**The ban on children under 10 years of age riding in front seats came into effect in January 2020.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Front seating for children under 135 cm is only allowed as an exception if there are no seats in the back or all other seats are occupied by children

**Car seats are not mandatory by law in a taxi but the child must sit in the back seat.

**The law only advises as far as possible that children under the age of 12 should be seated in the rear.

**Under the age of 12 children must always ride in the back seat of the vehicle using a child seat or appropriate seat belt.

(There is currently no countrywide law in China requiring children to use a child restraint seat. However places such as Shanghai and Shandong province have introduced regulations making the use of child restraint seats compulsory for children under the age of 4.)

(An infant under 2 years of age traveling with a driver alone must travel in a child restraint. However If another adult passenger is present, the infant can be held by the adult instead of a child restraint.)

**A child of height 135-150 cm can be restrained with an adult seat belt only provided that this child sits in the rear of the car

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**A child may ride in the front passenger seat as long as they are in a rear car safety seat and the air bag is deactivated.

(Children under 2 years shall be either accompanied by adults or restrained with special accessories)

**A child of height 135-150 cm can be restrained with an adult seat belt only provided that this child sits in the rear of the car

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

** A child may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system provided the airbag is deactivated.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Provided that the airbag is deactivated a child may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system.

**Children must not ride in the front seat.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Provided the airbag is deactivated  a rear-facing restraint can be used

**Children do not need to have a child seat in a taxi however it is recommended.

**Children under 12 must be transported in the back seats of the vehicle except in the case of a pickup truck.

(The law applies for seat belts or child restraints for children under 12 years of age, but does not yet define the minimum age / height / weight for which only child restraint devices can be used.)

**Children under 2 years of age or under 15kg are allowed under exception to this providing they are transported in child restraint.

(Legislation refers to the use of child restraint or seat belts for children over 9 while children under 3 years are required to be placed in a restraint only while seated in the front.)

**Children under 3 years of age are allowed under exception to this providing they are transported in child restraint.

(The legislation generally states that children not tall enough to wear a seat belt must be secured by a safety device corresponding to the height and weight of the child but does not specify age / height / weight group covered.)

**Children under the age of 3 may be carried in the back seat of a taxi as long as sat on the lap of an adult passenger. Childen over the age of 3 at least one child must be fastened with a child/booster seat depending on their height.

(The law mandates that children under the age of 7 be either accompanied by an adult or secured with a safety instrument")

**Provided that airbag is deactivated if child is in a rear-facing child restraint system.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Provided that airbag is deactivated if child is in a rear-facing child restraint system

**A child under the age of 3 must use a car seat in a taxi. Children over the age of 3 and less than 135cm are not required to use a car seat in a taxi but must not sit in the front seat.  

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**If under 10 years of age  a child can sit in the front passenger seat  if  seated in a rear-facing child restraint as long as the front airbag is deactivated and  if there are no rear seats available.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**The use of a seat belt is allowed for children of height 135-150 cm sitting in the rear.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**The legislation refers to approved seats for children under 18 months and to cribs and hammocks for children under 10 years

(The rule extends to the method of infant restraint for children, but does not define the age / height group protected by this obligation.)

(Legislation refers to the protection of children under 5 years but does not specify which form this protection takes.)

**Children can be seated in the rear with seat belts if they are of a height between 135 - 150 cm.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Children under 150 cm are allowed in front only if the front airbag is deactivated.

**The law forbids children from sitting in front but does not define the age , height or weight of the children concerned.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Provided the airbag is deactivated a child is permitted to travel in a rear-facing child restraint system

**Children under 3 years of age can be carried on a back seat of a taxi by an adult as long as that adult is wearing a seatbelt. Children over the age of 3 do not need to be in a car seat but must be sat in the back with a seatbelt.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Provided the airbag is deactivated a child may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system

**Children are not required to have a car seat when travelling in a taxi however they must sit in the back with a seatbelt on.

(The legislation refers to child restraint system for children but does not specify the age / height group covered by this obligation.)

**Car seat belts are designed for heights of 140cm or more, child/booster seats are required if the child is below this height.

**The legislation requires that children under 12 years be placed in a child restraint or «other means» used in conjunction with a seat belt.

**The legislation requires that children under 12 years be placed in a child restraint or «other means» used in conjunction with a seat belt

(Legislation only refers to the use of child restraints for children under 12 years travelling in the front.)

**Child restraints required for children under 12 travelling in the front.

(Only required for small children (defined as children under 6) sitting in the front.)

**The law states that a child must use a car seat until 6 years old.

**For small children (defined as children under 6) sitting in the front, safety seats are required.

**There is no specific law to child restraints in a taxi.

**All children travelling in a taxi must sit in the back seats.

(Legislation only refers to the use of child restraints for children under 12 years travelling in the front.)

**Children under the age of 12 travelling in a front seat of a car must be secured in a child restraint.

(The law states that children unable to wear normal seat belts must be placed in a child restraint seat but no specific age / weight / height is specified.)

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Except if no seat belt is fitted in the vehicle, in which case children under 150 cm shall be travelling in the rear

**Legislation refers to regulations to further specify the child restraint rules.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Airbags must be deactivated when transported in a rear facing restraint.

**Children under 150cm in height and under 18 but weigh more than 79 pounds can be transported in the back of the car without a child seat.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Provided the airbag is deactivated a child may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system

**Provided the airbag is deactivated a child under 2 years of age may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system.

(A new law came into force January 2020 that children under 135cm must be strapped into an approved child restraint system.)

**Provided the airbag is deactivated a child may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system.

(Children under 13 years can be restrained either by a child restraint systems or a seat belt.)

**Legislation refers to child restraint use for children up to 12 yrs /150 cm but allows children aged 3 year and over, in the absence of an available restraint, to travel in the rear.

**R44 / R129 (i-size)

**Provided the airbag is deactivated a child may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system.

**Provided the airbag is deactivated a child may travel in a rear-facing child restraint system.

(The legislation refers to the use of child restraint systems or other means to transport children under 12 years)

**Child seats must be used for under 12's

**Children under the age of 12 must be seated in the rear of the vehicle.

**Children must be seated in the rear of the taxi.